中文摘要：

髋关节置换术是治疗中晚期髋关节疾病的标准手术之一,手术过程复杂且耗时久,不仅要求临床医生有丰富手术经验,对种类繁多且结构精巧的复杂手术工具的依赖程度也高,手术工具结构设计的合理性、制造精度和切削性能是影响手术成败的重要因素之一。本文介绍了髋臼锉、髓腔锉和髓腔铰刀等髋关节置换术中的关键手术刀具,分析了这些刀具的结构、切除方式和切除特点,提出了优良髋关节置换术刀具应该具备的设计原则,指出了这些刀具设计、制造中存在的关键技术问题和研究方向。

英文摘要：

Total hip arthroplasty（THA） ,which is regarded as a standard treatment for hip joint diseases, is complex and takes long time. It requires the clinicians to have rich operation experience and has high degree of dependence on various complicated surgical tools. The rationality of the structure design, manufacturing precision and cutting performance of surgical tools are one of the important factors that influence the success of the operation. This paper introduces the ace- tabular reamer,starter awl and femoral rasp which are key surgical tools in THA,and analyses the structure,the way of re- section and the characteristics of the surgical tools. And the design principles of good THA surgical tools, the key problems and research directions in the design and manufacture of these tools are pointed out.