中文摘要：

在油气田开采工程中,水压致裂技术已经成为油气开采、低渗透油藏增产的主要技术措施.基于RFPA3D并行计算程序,建立了泥—砂岩互层条件下水力压裂的大规模计算模型.数值计算结果表明：拉应力在水力裂纹的形成、发展、延伸和贯通过程中都起到了至关重要的作用,即两种情况下的水力裂纹都是张拉型的;水力压裂破裂面总是在最大主应力面内,并且垂直于最小主应力方向;岩石破裂过程具有声发射特征,同样在水力压裂过程中,声发射可以用来衡量水力裂纹发生扩展的部位和能量的大小.在泥砂互层条件下,由于泥岩的残余强度较砂岩高,在受拉状态下岩石仍保持一定的强度,可压性要比砂岩低,因此在压裂过程中,需要采取相应的缝高控制技术,以增大裂缝长度.

英文摘要：

Hydraulic fracturing technology has become the primary technical measures to increase production of low permeability oil reservoirs. Based on RFPA-3D software the large-scale hydraulic fracturing model under inter-bedded mud-sand condition was established. Numerical calculation results show that the tensile stress in the formation and development of hydraulic crack, extension played a crucial role in the process, namely, two cases of hydraulic crack is tensioned type. Hydraulic fracturing fracture surface is always within the maximum principal stress plane, and the perpendicular to the minimum principal stress direction. Rock failure process has the characteristics of acoustic emission, also in the process of hydraulic fracturing acoustic emission can be used to measure the hydraulic crack extension of the size of the area and energy. Under the condition of mudstone and sand-tone layers, the residual strength of mudstone is higher than the sandstone, the mudstone under tensile is still keeping a certain strength, and compressibility is lower than sandstone. In the process of fracturing, technology of fracture height control needs to take to increasing the length of crack .In the process of fracturing, technology of fracture height control needs to take to increasing the length of crack.