中文摘要：

为了提高舰船的隐蔽性,需要对舰船进行消磁,而磁场预测是舰船消磁的核心步骤。对于任意舰船,本文构造了包含它的一个封闭曲面,并利用位势理论,建立该曲面上等效磁荷面分布与磁场传感器测量值之间应该满足的积分方程。离散化求解后,利用该等效磁荷面分布对舰船产生的磁场进行预测。此方法既不必考虑被研究舰船的几何结构,又可以在任意方向上进行预测,因此适用范围广。数值模拟表明了该方法预测的精确性和应用价值。

英文摘要：

To enhance the stealth ability of naval vessels,degaussing processes should be taken. The magnetic field prediction is a key step in degaussing. For an arbitrary naval vessel,a surface enclosing it is constructed. Based on the potential theory,an integral equation relating the equivalent magnetic charge layer on this surface with the measurements of magnetic field sensors is developed. After solving the equation by discretization,the magnetic charge layer is obtained to predict the magnetic field produced by the vessel. This method needs no knowledge of the geometric structure of the studied ferromagnetic objects and can make the prediction in any direction, so it can be widely applied. The numerical simulations show the precision and the practical value of the method.