中文摘要：

采用微卫星标记研究天然封闭型水体肖四海内鳜放流群体与野生群体的遗传差异,试图从分子水平探讨人工增殖放流群体与野生群体遗传结构的差异.结果表明：鳜两个群体在10对微卫星座位共发现有50个等位基因.其中,放流群体发现有22个等位基因,野生群体发现37个等位基因;通过He和PIC统计发现,野生群体遗传多样性明显高于放流增殖鳜,野生鳜群体表现出更丰富的遗传多样性：南杂合度榆验可以看出,两个群体郁呈现杂合过剩现象,经哈代.温伯格平衡检验,显示两个群体均显著偏离哈代-温伯格平衡（P〈0.001）,属于连锁不平衡群体;群体问的.FST检验,可以看出群体间的FST高于0.25,反映遗传变异主要存在于群体间,而不是群体内部,这充分反映近交及瓶颈效应会引起养殖群体遗传结构的改变,从而导致群体间的遗传分化.

英文摘要：

Mandarin fish （Siniperca chuatsi, Basilewsky） has been one of the most important valuable domestic fresh-water aquaculture fish in China. It is an important sedentary piscivorous fish in lakes adjacent middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River. For many years of aquaculture, the germplasm quality and genetic diversity may have declined due to neglecting to inspect the genetic diversity in mandarin fish and the lack of the long-run and effective administer. In order to aid in investigation of the population genetic structure and marker assisted breeding, the genetic diversity and population structure of mandarin fish from the wild population and the artificial releasing population of Xiaosihai Lake were investigated by using microsatellite DNA markers. In total 68 individuals were all collected and consisted of 34 wild individuals and 32 artificial individual. The arti-ficial individuals were tagged with CWT （Coded Wire Tags） when those been released one year ago. Genomic DNA was extracted from ethanol-preserved fin tissues by using phenol-chloroform method. Using a set of microsatellite primers originally reported in Mandarin fish （Siniperca chuatsi, Basilewsky）, we carried out many cross-species PCR amplifica-tions. PCR products were separated on 7.5% nondenaturing polyacrylamide gels, stained with ethidium bromide in water and visualized with ultraviolet. The data were calculated and analyzed by statistic method.The results indicated that 50 alleles were found in ten microsatellite loci in two populations. The number of alleles per loci ranged from 2-3 and total number was 22 in artificial releasing population; in wild population, the number of alleles per loci ranged from 3-5 and 37 in total. Polymorphism information content value （PIC） was higher and more than 0.5 in locus SC 13, SC 19, SC23, SC29, SC34 and SC42 in Xiaosihai wild population; meanwhile the artificial releasing population had the lower PIC value, only one locus more than 0.5 in SC31. The average PIC value from wild and relea