中文摘要：

以陕北黄土丘陵区自然发育的藓结皮为繁殖材料,通过室内人工培养研究了藓类植物孢子繁殖法（孢子法）、植物碎片营养繁殖（断茎法）以及生物结皮团块粉碎（碎皮法）接种等不同方法对藓结皮形成发育的影响,并对不同培养温度和土壤含水量条件下的藓结皮生长发育进行比较分析.结果表明,（1）相同培养条件下,碎皮法接种有利于藓结皮盖度的形成,在20℃、光照5 230 lx、光周期12 h/d条件下,经80 d培养,藓结皮盖度、密度分别达到76%和59株/cm^2,且显著高于其他方法.（2）不同的接种量对藓结皮形成发育影响显著,采用碎皮法,接种量在500-750 g/m^2水平下藓结皮的盖度和藓类植物的密度生长较高.（3）温度显著影响藓结皮的形成和发育,在试验条件下,17℃有利于藓结皮盖度、藓类植株密度和株高的生长.（4）土壤含水量只有〉60%田间持水量时才有藓结皮形成,当土壤含水量达到超饱和含水量,并在近地面处有水汽存在时则更有利于藓结皮的形成和发育.

英文摘要：

Moss crusts as the last successional satge of biological soil crusts play an important role in soft erosion control in Hilly Loess Plateau region. In order to promote the formation and restoration of moss crusts in the region, the suitable inoculation methods, inoculation amounts and cultivited conditions （tempe- ture and soil moisture） were studied by using a growth chamber at laboratory conditions. In this study,the natural moss crusts from research region were taken as propagation materials. The effect of 3 inoculation methods,including mosses＇ spores,mosses＇ fragments and grinded moss crusts, 5 inoculation amounts for each inoculation method,3 temperatures and 6 soil moistures on moss crusts developing were studied. The results showed ： under the same inoculation conditions, the grinded moss crusts method was favorable to the formation of moss crusts. The coverage and density of moss crusts were 760% and 59 plant/cm^2 after 80 days＇ cultivated at 20℃ under a 12 h/d 5 230 lx photoperiod. There was a significant effect of different inoculation amount on the formation and development of moss crust. For grinded moss crusts,the coverage and mosses density were much better when the inoculation amount was 500-750 g/m^2. Temperature had a significant effect on the formation and development of moss crust. Under this experimental conditions, 17℃ was favorable to moss crusts formed. Moss crusts can be formed only when soil moisture was higher than 60% field water capacity. Supersaturated soil moisture and high air humidity near soil surface were beneficial to the formation and development of moss crusts.