中文摘要：

光控技术具有非物理接触和时空分辨等优势。光扳机分子是一类重要的光响应分子，它具有光激活、光剪切和光释放三大基本功能，是构筑光控材料的核心元件之一。随着光控技术的应用（尤其在生命领域）不断拓展，对光响应分子特别是光扳机分子提出了新的要求和挑战。本文重点介绍了典型的光扳机分子的种类、基本工作原理以及近年来光扳机分子在生物和材料领域中的应用研究进展。

英文摘要：

The advantage of non-invasive manipulating with high spatiotemporal resolution of light-control technology make it favourable in bio-applications. Phototrigger with three major functions of photoactivation, photocleavge and photorelease is one important class of the photoresponsive molecules to construct materials with photo-controllability. However, with the expansion of the application of light-control technology in the bio- medicine field, new requirements and challenges are proposed for photoresponsive molecules especially for phototriggers. This review summarizes the typical types of phototriggers, their basic working principles, and their applications in the field of biology and material research in recent years.