中文摘要：

针对浅埋近距离煤层工作面在推出上覆遗留煤柱过程中普遍出现的压架灾害,采用理论分析和模拟实验,结合压架发生的机理,提出了相应的防治对策。结果表明：出煤柱开采时,煤柱上方2关键块体形成的三铰式结构是不稳定的,该结构的相对回转运动会造成煤层间关键层断裂结构的载荷过大而失稳,最终引起工作面的压架。因此,控制关键块体的回转运动是防治压架的关键。据此提出了以促使关键块体提前回转、阻止和破坏其回转3个方面为思路的压架灾害防治措施,各措施的防治效果得到了相似材料模拟实验的验证,现场应用效果显著。

英文摘要：

Aiming at the universal support crushing disasters during mining out the upper coal pillars in close distance shallow seams, the prevention measures for the disaster were proposed on the basis of the inherent mechanism of the support crushing by theoretical analysis and simulation experiments. The results showed that, while mining out the upper coal pillar, the three hinged structure of the key blocks above the coal pillar was unstable, whose relative rotary movement would cause the key stratum structure between the two seams to lose its balance because of overload. Thus the support crushing accident in the mining face jammed. Therefore, the key to the disaster prevention was to regulate the key blocks＇ rotary movement. Hereby, the disaster prevention measures of the support crushing were proposed by prompting the key blocks to rotate in advance, preventing and destroying their rotation. All the prevention measures were verified by the similar material simulation experiments with a notable field application effect.