中文摘要：

高氯酸盐是一种持久性的无机污染物,它能够抑制碘的吸收并削弱甲状腺功能。随着高效灵敏的分离检测方法的发展,研究人员在多种环境介质中都检测到了高氯酸根,其环境污染问题引起了广泛的关注。最近的研究表明,环境中的高氯酸盐并非都来自于人为污染源及含有高氯酸盐的化肥,也有在大气中自然产生的,而且环境中存在大气来源的高氯酸根的背景值。在重点介绍了高氯酸盐的污染现状、分析方法以及自然条件下大气中产生高氯酸根的机理等方面的最新研究进展之后,提出今后应开展环境中高氯酸根背景值的调查研究。为此,应开发具有更低检出限的分析方法,并借助南极地区独特的地理优势开展南极雪冰中高氯酸盐的相关研究,从而获得不同历史时期环境中高氯酸根的背景值,并研究高氯酸根背景值的影响因素,为研究自然条件下大气中产生高氯酸根的机理提供基础数据。

英文摘要：

Perchlorate is a persistent inorganic pollutant,which can interfere with iodide uptake by the thyroid gland and consequently affect how the thyroid functions.With the development of precise and sensitive detection methods,perchlorate has been found in different kinds of environmental media.And the widespread of its environmental pollution has caused much concern.Recent researches indicate that perchlorate in the environment not only comes from man-made pollution sources and some fertilizer but also has its atmospheric origin,and a natural perchlorate background should exist.The most recent research progress of pollution status and analytical methods of perchlorate and the mechanisms of perchlorate formation in the atmosphere are introduced.Then it is suggested that studies of background value of perchlorate in the environment should be carried out.Therefore,it is urgent to develop analytical methods with much lower detection limits.And due to the geographic advantages of Antarctica,researches on perchlorate in Antarctic ice and snow should be carried out,which will provide perchlorate background value at different historical periods and also influencing factors on the background value.Thus the valuable data for the investigation on the mechanisms of perchlorate formation in the atmosphere will be provided.