中文摘要：

论述了土壤中氡的析出机理，通过设计实验验证了土壤取样测氡的可行性。运用活性炭吸附法、主动抽吸法和径迹蚀刻法分别测定了野外实地与土壤样品中的氡及其子体含量，并测定了土壤样品的镭含量。实验结果表明：运用土壤取样测氡的方法是可行的，其数据稳定性好于野外实测数据的稳定性；其次，野外测量会受到温度、湿度、降雨量、压强等气象条件的较大影响；此外，取样时要尽量避开雨后取样和在有断裂带、褶皱带等复杂地质构造的区域内取样。

英文摘要：

It explains the the mechanism of the separation of soil＇s radon. Through the designed experiment, it confirms the feasibility of measuring radon for taking the soil＇s sample. It determines the content of the radon and its subfield with indoor and outside through ways of the activated charcoal adsorption, the initiative suction and the diameter mark etching, also the ^226 Ra. The paperindicates： it is feasible with measuring radon for taking the soil＇s sample, and the stability of datas is that indoor＇s datas are better than outside＇s. The temperature, the humidity, the rainfall amount, the intensity and so on are the seriousinfluence of the datas. If you want to take a soil＇s sample, you must avoid the rain as far as possible, and avoid the fault zone, the belt of folded strata and complex geologic structure region,and so on.