中文摘要：

基于复杂伟晶岩铝硅酸盐矿物锂辉石、绿柱石、石榴子石、长石和云母晶体结构复杂,表面物理化学性质的各向异性显著,表面化学性质相似,表面活性质点皆为Al^3＋,与传统的脂肪酸类捕收剂作用的选择性差等特点,对复杂伟晶岩铝硅酸盐的晶体结构与可浮性关系进行分析,以期为复杂伟晶岩铝硅酸矿物浮选分离提供理论借鉴。研究表明,不同铝硅酸盐矿物解离时矿物表面的诸多性质如：化学键的断裂程度、暴露元素的数量和种类、Al^3＋对Si^4＋的替代程度及Al的配位方式等的不同直接影响着矿物的可浮性,而导致铝硅酸盐矿物解离时表面性质差异的深层次原因是它们晶体结构的差异。

英文摘要：

Considering that the pegmatite aluminosilicate minerals such as spodumene,beryl,garnet,feldspar and mica have many unique properties,for example： the complex crystal structures,the remarkable anisotropy of surface physical and chemical properties,the similar surface properties,the same surface active sites（ Al^3＋） and the poor selectivity with flotation reagents,the relationship between the minerals crystal structure and their floatability are investigated to provide some theoretical guidence for the flotation separation of pegmatite aluminosilicate minerals.The research show that properties of mineral surface during the dissolution of aluminosilicate minerals directly influence the flotability of minerals. This properties include the fracture degree of chemical bond,number and type of exposed elements,the substitution of Al^3＋to Si^4＋and the coordination mode of Al etc..However,the profund reason for the difference of the surface properties during the dissolution of aluminosilicate minerals is the difference of their crystal structure.