中文摘要：

绝缘纸受潮将严重影响变压器的内绝缘特性，变压器油纸绝缘体系中微水含量及微水分布状况是评估变压器绝缘状态的重要依据。基于菲克第二定律建立了油纸绝缘微水扩散的3种典型模型，并采用分离变量法和有限元方法对模型进行了仿真模拟。模拟了有化学反应参与的微水扩散过程，更符合绝缘纸长时间老化的微水扩散过程。搭建了微水随绝缘纸厚度梯度分布时测试实验平台，采用微水测试传感器测量微水含量。结合实验测量数据和微水扩散的有限元模型以及广泛采用的微水扩散系数经验公式，采用遗传算法寻优．获得了优化的微水扩散分布曲面。

英文摘要：

The moisture seriously corrupts the transformer distribution in the transformer oil-paper insulation system is an On basis of Fick＇ s second law, a partial differential equation is internal insulation. The moisture content and its important index for assessing transformer insulation. designed to analyze the moisture diffusing in the oilpaper insulation, and solve the model by means of separation of variables and the finite element method. Simulating the chemical reactions involved in moisture diffusion is in line with the long aging of oil-paper insulation moisture diffusion process. An experimental platform was set up to test the moisture distribution and content with the thickness of the insulating paper gradient by moisture sensor. Combination of experimental data, finite element model and widely used empirical formula of the moisture diffusion coefficient, the genetic algorithm optimization was applied to obtain the optimized distribution of moisture diffusion surface.