中文摘要：

为促进大豆新种改良，以19232005年选育审定并在生产中推广的38个有代表性的大豆品种为试验材料，在鼓粒期测定其叶片气体交换参数，成熟期测其籽粒产量，并分析大豆品种在多年的遗传改良环境下其产量和叶片气体交换参数之间的相互关系。结果表明：籽粒产量与净光合速率（Pn）、蒸腾速率（Tr）和表观叶肉导度（AMC）之间皆呈现为显著的正相关关系（相关系数r=0.6102**、0.6316**和0.5211*），而籽粒产量与叶片的水分利用效率（WUE）之间则呈现为显著的负相关关系（r=0.5365*），由此说明，大豆的遗传改良使得籽粒产量提高的同时，也提高了Pn和AMC，可以将鼓粒期叶片的Pn、AMC和WUE作为衡量籽粒产量的育种参考指标。

英文摘要：

In order to promote variety improvement of soybean,the38soybean cultivars released in1923to2005bred in Jilin province were used as test materials,the leaf gas exchange parameters at soybean seed filling period,and the grain yield in the mature period were measured,the relationship between yield and leaf gas exchange parameters of soybean cultivars released in different years was analyzed.The results showed that the net photosynthetic rate(Pn)and transpiration rate(Tr)and apparent mesophyll conductance(AMC)were highly significant positive correlation with grain yield(r=0.6102**,0.6316**and0.5211*),and water use efficiency(WUE)was significantly negative correlation(r=0.5365*),which showed that the genetic improvement of soybean makes the grain yield increase at the same time,also improved the net photosynthetic rate(Pn)and apparent mesophyll conductance(AMC),and in the seed filling period,photosynthetic rate(Pn)and apparent mesophyll conductance(AMC)and water use efficiency(WUE)can be used as a reference index measuring grain yield breeding.