中文摘要：

有不同水晶结构或差错精力的价值的几金属的单轴的 ratcheting 行为被控制压力的周期的测试在房间温度观察。规定金属包括了 316L 不锈钢，纯铜，纯铝，并且平常 20 # 碳钢。单轴的 ratcheting 上的应用吝啬的应力，压力振幅和压力比率的效果也被调查。观察证明差错精力的不同水晶结构或价值为规定金属导致差不多不同的 ratcheting 行为。不同 ratcheting 行为被脱臼活动性的变化部分引起。

英文摘要：

The uniaxial ratcheting behaviors of several metals with different crystal structures or values of fault energy were observed by the stress-controlled cyclic tests at room temperature. The prescribed metals included 316L stainless steel, pure copper, pure aluminum, and ordinary 20# carbon steel. The effects of applied mean stress, stress amplitude and stress ratio on the uniaxial ratcheting were also investigated. The observations show that different crystal structures or values of fault energy result in more or less different ratcheting behaviors for the prescribed metals. The different ratcheting behaviors are partially caused by the variation of dislocation mobility.