中文摘要：

综述了造礁石珊瑚系统发生关系和分类的研究现状,重点概述了造礁石珊瑚的分类和遗传多样性在分子生物学领域的研究进展。目前采用的进行造礁石珊瑚分类和遗传多样性研究的分子生物学方法,主要弥补了造礁石珊瑚在传统形态分类学上无法准确界定的缺点,其中核糖体RNA和线粒体DNA序列分析是目前对造礁石珊瑚分子进化和系统发育研究最有效的方法。最后,对未来造礁石珊瑚的分类和遗传多样性研究做了展望,对珊瑚礁框架生物造礁石珊瑚进行分类和遗传多样性的研究,将有助于为珊瑚礁生态系统的保护和恢复提供理论基础。

英文摘要：

This article summarizes the genetic diversity and taxonomy of Scleractinia. We put emphasis on the taxonomy and genetic diversity of Scleractinia order by molecular biology approaches. The method of using molecular biology approaches may be a effective way to distinguish species that can not be identified with traditional taxonomy while the use of DNA sequences for phylogenetic reconstruction may be the most useful and effective way for classifying Scleractinia corals. In the previous studies ribosomal RNA and mitochondria DNA have been widely used in characterizing the genetic diversity of Scleractinia corals. Finally it is significant to investigate the taxonomy and genetic diversity of Scleractinia corals of reef-building so as to make for protecting ecosystem of coral reefs and to provide theoretical basis of recovery.