中文摘要：

零价铁还原-过硫酸盐氧化联合降解对硝基氯苯（p-NCB）的研究对土壤有机污染物的修复具有重要意义。针对化工厂搬迁遗留的硝基氯苯污染的场地土壤,采用零价铁-过硫酸盐联合体系,研究了对硝基氯苯降解的动力学及初始pH值和温度的影响,并对降解中间产物和反应路径进行了分析。结果表明：对硝基氯苯的去除率随pH值降低和温度升高而增加,初始pH值从10.0降低至3.0,对硝基氯苯的去除率从20.9%增加至97.3%;温度从15℃升高至35℃,对硝基氯苯的去除率从60.9%增加至96.2%。零价铁在低剂量条件下,动力学曲线符合零级动力学方程,活化能为26.88 kJ·mol^-1;而在高剂量条件下,符合一级动力学方程,活化能为31.79 kJ·mol^-1。对硝基氯苯降解的中间产物有对氯苯胺（p-CAN）、1-（4-氯苯基）-3-苯基脲、5-氯-2-（（4-氯苯基）二氮烯基）苯酚和1,4-苯醌。在零价铁-过硫酸盐联合体系,对硝基氯苯首先被还原成对氯苯胺,其比对硝基氯苯更容易被过硫酸盐氧化降解,降解产物主要为二氧化碳和水。结论：零价铁-过硫酸盐联合体系可以快速有效降解去除土壤中对硝基氯苯。

英文摘要：

The degradation of p-nitrochlorobenzene（ p-NCB） in soil by zero-valent iron-activated persulfate is of environmental and applied significance. In this study,the effects of initial pH and temperature on the removal of p-NCB by Fe0-activated persulfate were investigated. The results demonstrated that both initial pH and temperature played an important role in the degradation of p-NCB and the removal of p-NCB increased from 20. 9% at pH 10. 0 to 97. 3% at pH 3. 0 and from 60. 9% at 15 ℃ to 96. 2% at 35 ℃. The kinetic curves were best fitted to zero order kinetic equation at low dosage of the zero-valent iron,and the activation energy was calculated to be26. 88 kJ·mol^-1. However,the reaction followed first order kinetic at high dosage of the zero-valent iron,and the activation energy was31. 79 kJ·mol^-1. The degradation intermediates of p-NCB were analyzed with GC-MS,which mainly included 4-chloroaniline,1-（ 4-chlorophenyl）-3-phenlurea,5-chloro-2-（ 4-chlorophenyl diazenyl） phenol and 1,4-benzoquinone. In the system of Fe0-activated persulfate,a nitro group was first reduced to amine group and p-chloroaniline was easier to be oxidized than p-NCB. Therefore,it was concluded that the Fe0-activated persulfate was an effective approach to removal of p-NCB in soil.