目的比较抗人胸腺/淋巴细胞球蛋白(ATG/ALG)联合环孢素A(CsA)与CsA联合雄激素一线治疗输血依赖非重型再生障碍性贫血(TD-NSAA)疗效。方法回顾性分析2007年8月至2014年9月125例TD-NSAA患者临床资料,比较一线采用ATG/ALG联合CsA与CsA联合雄激素治疗的血液学反应及生存情况。结果125例TD-NSAA患者中,男70例,女55例,男女比为1.27:1;中位年龄27(6-66)岁。其中48例一线接受ATG/ALG联合CsA治疗,77例一线接受CsA联合雄激素治疗,两组早期死亡率分别为2.1%(1/48)及0(0/77)(P=0.384)。ATG/ALG联合CsA组患者治疗后3个月总体血液学反应率(70.8%对45.5%,P=0.006)和良好血液学反应率(27.1%对10.4%,P=0.015)均高于CsA联合雄激素组;两组治疗后6个月总体血液学反应率(75.0%对55.8%,P=0.031)与良好血液学反应率(41.7%对22.1%,P=0.020)差异亦有统计学意义,治疗后6个月ATG/ALG联合CsA组脱离血制品输注依赖的中位时间为36.5(0-149)d,明显短于CsA联合雄激素组的98(14~180)d(P〈0.001)。ATG/ALG联合CsA组与CsA联合雄激素组患者3年总生存率(97.9%对100.0%,P=-0.227)和无事件生存率(71.2%对59.5%,P=0.227)差异无统计学意义。结论一线采用CsA联合雄激素治疗TD-NSAA血液学反应率和血液学反应质量均不及ATG/ALG联合CsA,两组患者短期生存率相同,应优选ATG/ALG联合CsA方案治疗TD-NSAA。
Objective To determine whether cyclosporine A (CsA) plus androgens was as effective as the current standard immunosuppressive therapy (IST) for transfusion-dependent nonsevere aplastic anemia (TD-NSAA). Methods The records of 125 consecutive TD-NSAA patients who were treated between Aug. 2007 and Sept. 2014, with either CsA plus androgen or ALG/ATG plus CsA regimen were reviewed. The 3-month and 6-month hematologic responses and survival were evaluated. Results There were 125 TD-NSAA patients (70 were male and 55 female, 1.25: 1). Median age was 27 (6-66) years. There was no significant difference in early mortality between 48 treated by ATG/ALG plus CsA and 77 by CsA plus androgen patients ( 1/48 vs 0/77, P=0.384). Both the total hematologic response and the better hematological response rates at 3-month (70.8% vs 45.5%, P=0.006 and 27.1% vs 10.4%, P=0.015, respectively) and 6-month (75.0% vs 55.8%, P=0.031 and 41.7% vs 22.1% P= 0.020, respectively) after treatment were much higher in the standard IST group than that in CsA plus androgen group. The median time to transfusion independent of 36.5 (0-149) days in the standard IST group was significantly shorter than 98 (14-180) days in CsA plus androgen group (P〈0.001 ). Survival was comparable between the two groups (97.9% vs 100.0%, P=0.227). It was superior (71.2% vs 59.5%) but not significantly (P=0.227) in event-free survival in standard IST group. Conclusions CsA plus androgen was inferior to the standard IST of ATG/ALG and CsA regimen in treating TD-NSAA in terms of the hematologic response and the quality of response, despite of comparable short-term survival.