中文摘要：

以南极海洋细菌为研究对象,采用2216E和MMC液体培养基结合的方法,从菌种库里筛选南极低温降解菌,进行石油烃降解率测定、表型特征确定和16SrRNA分子鉴定,构建系统发育树,并对南极低温降解菌NJ49的低温降解适应性进行了初步研究。结果表明,3株南极海洋细菌NJ41、NJ49和NJ289可以在以柴油为惟一碳源和能源的培养基中生长,被视为南极低温降解菌;16SrRNA分子鉴定结果表明,南极低温降解菌NJ41、NJ49和NJ289分别属于Planococcus、Shewanella和Pseudoalteromonas属;NJ49通过改变脂肪酸组分的膜修饰方式适应低温降解。

英文摘要：

Low temperature microorganism resources of Antarctica were abundant and the scholar abroad have focused on obtaining cold-adapted degrading bacteria. The method of combination 2216E with MMC culture was used for screen- ing petroleum hydrocarbon-degrading cold-adapted bacteria which were from Antarctic seawaters . Degradation efficient, molecular identification of 16S rRNA amplified from four Antarctic cold-adapted degrading bacteria and phylogenetic tree based on 16S rRNA gene was carried. Antarctic cold-adapted degrading bacteria NJ49 was chosen to study cold adaptation. The results suggested that three marine bacteria cold-adapted bacteria （namely NJ41, NJ49, NJ289） grew well in the cul- ture which diesel was the sole carbon source and energy source. Results of 16S rRNA identification revealed that Antarctic cold-adapted degrading bacteria NJ41, NJ49 and NJ289 belonged to the described genus Planococcus, Shewanella, Pseudo-alteromonas, respectively. Data of fatty acid change revealed that the Antarctic cold-adapted degrading bacteria NJ49 maybe adapt cold condition to degrade by membrane modification of changing fatty acid.