中文摘要：

目的研究神经干细胞（NSCs）分化为神经元和胶质细胞的影响因素,探讨各种生长因子对小鼠NSCs定向分化的影响。方法以无血清培养法从昆明孕小鼠（E13～14 d）的大脑皮质分离培养获得NSCs后,分别加入50μg/L EGF、bFGFI、GF-1、NGF和PDGF处理,分析不同生长因子对NSCs定向分化的影响。结果分离得到的细胞表现出NSCs的特性,能无限增殖,神经元微管相关蛋白和胶原纤维酸性蛋白均呈阳性表达。与空白对照组相比,各生长因子均可显著诱导NSCs分化为神经元及星形胶质细胞,其中NGF诱导NSCs分化为神经元的作用最强;IGF-1、NGF、PDGF均能明显诱导NSCs分化为星形胶质细胞。结论几种生长因子均能促进NSCs分化,其中NGF诱导NSCs向神经元方向作用最强;而IGF-1、NGF和PDGF促进NSCs向星形胶质细胞分化的作用均较强。

英文摘要：

Objective To observe the effects of growth factors on the differentiation of mouse neural stem cells（NSCs）. Methods NSCs from brain of KM mouse at E13-14 d were isolated and cultured using serum-free medium.After three passages,50 μg/L epidermal growth factor（EGF）,basic fibroblast growth factor（bFGF）,insulin growth factor-1（IGF-1）,nerve growth factor（NGF） and platelet-derived growth factor（PDGF） were used to induce differentiation,respectively.Neurons and astroglial cells were identified by immunocytochemistry with microtubule-associated protein（MAP-2） and glial fibrillary acidic protein（GFAP） staining after induction. Results The cells isolated from mouse brain cortex were proven to be neural stem cells,which differentiated into neurons or glia,and were capable of proliferating and maintaining long-term survival in vitro.Significant higher neuron differentiation proportions were observed in NSCs cultured with growth factors,with the highest proportion of those cultured with NGF,comparing with that of controls.Meanwhile,significantly higher astrocyte differentiation proportions were also observed in IGF-1,NGF and PDGF groups. Conclusion It is feasible to induce NSCs differentiation of neurons or glia by growth factors.NGF shows most obvious role in promoting the differentiation of mouse cortex NSCs into neurons;while IGF-1,NGF and PDGF show significant role in promoting the NSCs into astrocytes.