中文摘要：

【目的】确定中国西北干旱区黑河流域中游绿洲农田蒸散量并区分作物蒸腾和土壤蒸发,为制定合理的作物灌溉制度和提高区域水资源利用效率提供依据。【方法】本文利用中科院临泽内陆河流域研究站绿洲内部大田玉米地2009年的小气候和土壤蒸发等综合观测试验数据,运用FAO-56和ASCE推荐的两种时间步长的四种不同形式的Penman-Monteith模型估算了甘肃临泽绿洲玉米农田2009年参考蒸散量,并结合FAO-56双作物系数法估算了其实际蒸散量。【结果】4种P-M模型FAO-56-PM24h、ASCE-PM24h、FAO-56-PM0.5h及ASCE-PM0.5h和双作物系数法估算的实际蒸散量依次为672.1、766.2、991.2和805.6mm。【结论】利用涡动相关数据及小型蒸渗仪实测数据对其进行了检验,结果表明,使用FAO-56-PM24h模型估算参考作物蒸散量的参考作物蒸散-双作物系数法能够较好估算研究区的蒸散量并有效地区分农田作物蒸腾和土壤蒸发。2009年研究区域农田制种玉米的耗水量大约为671.2mm,日均蒸散量为4.1mm,其中作物蒸腾累积量为498.5mm,土壤蒸发累积量为172.7mm,分别占蒸散量的74.2%和25.8%。

英文摘要：

Objective The quantification of transpiration and evaporation in an oasis field in the middlestream of the Heihe River basin in Northwest China was studied in order to provide a basis for laying down a reasonable crop irrigation system and improving the utilization efficiency of regional water resources.Method Based on the microclimatic and other supplementary experimentation data of maize field in Linze Inland River Basin Research Station,China Ecosystem Research Network,four different Penman-Monteith equations with two time-steps suggested by FAO-56 and ASCE were applied to calculate reference evapotranspiration（ET0） over a maize field in 2009,then FAO-56 dual crop coefficient method was applied to calculate canopy transpiration and soil evaporation over the same field in 2009.Result The actual evapotranspiration（ETc） for the FAO-56-PM 24h,ASCE-PM 24h,FAO-56-PM 1h,ASCE-PM 1h with dual crop coefficient methods totaled 672.1 mm,766.2 mm,991.2 mm and 805.6 mm,respectively.Conclusion Compared with the eddy covariance data and measured evaporation data by micro-lysimeter,the FAO-56-PM 24h equation can well estimate ET0,and can provide a fairly good estimation of ETc with dual crop coefficient.The total evapotranspiration of the maize field in 2009 was 671.2 mm,with the mean daily value of 4.1 mm.The cumulative amount of transpiration and evaporation were 498.5mm and 172.7 mm,accounting for 74.2% and 25.8% of the total evapotranspiration during the maize growing season,respectively.