中文摘要：

肿瘤相关巨噬细胞是肿瘤组织局部浸润的巨噬细胞，在肿瘤组织微环境中，这些巨噬细胞发生M2型极化，从而发挥免疫抑制效应，促进肿瘤增殖。而M2型极化的肿瘤相关巨噬细胞也能够被再次诱导逆向极化形成具有抗肿瘤效应的M1型肿瘤相关巨噬细胞，激发机体产生特异性抗肿瘤免疫应答。促进肿瘤相关巨噬细胞M1型极化由此成为当前抗肿瘤免疫防治研究的热点。将对有关肿瘤相关巨噬细胞极化的新进展进行综述，为抗肿瘤免疫研究提供新的思路。

英文摘要：

Macrophages are an essential effector and regulator in host innate and adaptive immunity. Recent studies demonstrated that macrophages, within tumor tissue, referring to as tumor-associated macrophages, play an important role in tumor immune tolerance. In tumormicroenvironment, the majority of tumor-associated macrophages are polarized to M2 macrophages which function as immunosuppressor and therefore promote tumorigenesis. Meanwhile, under stimulation of some specific factors, tumor-associated macrophages can be reversely polarized to M1 macrophages which can engulf tumor cells and boost anti-tumor immune response. How to promote tumor-associated macrophages M1 polarization in anti-tumor immune research has become a hot issue. Here, we reviewed the latest development in tumor-associated macrophages polarization research.