中文摘要：

辐射接枝技术已成为高分子材料改性的重要方法之一.和传统化学接枝方法相比,辐射接枝技术具有操作简单,易于控制,不限制基材和单体等优点,近年来已被广泛应用于吸附材料的制备.采用辐射接枝技术制备的吸附材料,其功能团主要分布在基材表面,具有单体用量少,成本低,吸附脱附速度快,功能团利用率高,选择性好的特点.本文综述了近年来辐射接枝技术在制备选择性吸附材料方面的最新研究进展,包括对重金属、放射性核素、半金属、非金属、稀土元素、贵金属和染料等不同污染物吸附材料的合成及其应用,并对辐射接枝技术在制备吸附材料中的研究方向进行了展望.

英文摘要：

Radiation grafting technique has become one of the important methods for modification of polymers.Compared with traditional chemical grafting method,radiation grafting technique has been widely applied in preparation of adsorption materials recently,due to its advantages of easy operation,easy control and without limitation of substrate and monomer etc. The adsorption materials with monomers distributing on the substrate surface prepared by radiation grafting technique,have the advantage of low dosage of monomer,low cost,fast adsorption/desorption rate, high utilization rate of functional groups and good selectivity. This review presented the latest research progress on the application of radiation grafting technique in preparation of selective adsorption materials in recent years,including their synthesis and applications of different pollutants such as heavy metals,radioactive nuclides,semi-metals,non-metals,rare earth metals,precious metals and dyes. The further development in this field is also predicated.