中文摘要：

采用生命周期评价（LCA）的简便矩阵方法，以Zn-Mn干电池为例，通过计算权重，定性研究其生命周期各阶段造成的环境负载．结果显示：5个阶段对环境造成负载大小为废弃阶段〉生产阶段〉原料获取阶段〉销售阶段〉使用阶段；在5个阶段全部环境要素中，废弃阶段所造成的土壤污染产生的环境负载最大，其次是生产阶段所造成的固体污袭、废弃阶段的有害物质、废弃阶段的水污染；累积环境负载最大的4个环境要素是土壤污染、固体污染、有害物质、水污染．

英文摘要：

In this paper, through employing simple matrix approach of LCA and taking Zn-Mn dry batteries for example, the environmental load of each stage is qualitative studied by computing the weight. The results show that：the environmental load caused by different stages is different;the abandoned stage is the most,the production stage is the second, the acquainting raw material stage, the selling stage,and the using stage are the last. Among all environmental elements in five stages,the soil pollution caused by abandoned stage is the greatest environmental load, and the followed are the pollution caused by solid production stage,the hazardous substances caused by abandoned stage and the water pollution caused by abandoned stage. The four environmental elements which had the largest accumulated environmental load during the life cycle are soil pollution,solid pollution,hazardous substances and water pollution.