中文摘要：

针对地铁车厢中坐姿乘员的二次碰撞损伤问题,以乘员不同约束状态、坐姿、乘员人数为变量建立坐姿假人碰撞仿真场景。以AV/ST9001标准中加速度测试载荷为边界条件实现仿真计算,获得假人的姿态响应历程数据。建立假人响应物理参数与损伤等级对应关系的评估条件,包括头部HIC值、胸部3ms加速度与AIS损伤等级关系以及胫骨指数。仿真结果分析与损伤预估表明：坐姿乘员在碰撞事故中可能受到头部脑震荡,颅骨骨折,胸部肋骨骨折,腿部挫伤,骨折等不同程度伤害。座椅侧挡板对假人的姿态响应幅度有显著的影响,座椅及其附件的形状、材料等可作为可变设计参数以期降低乘员损伤;乘员人数会显著增加二次碰撞复杂度及损伤程度,是乘员损伤不利因素之一。

英文摘要：

With respect to secondary impact on passenger injuries in a subway vehicle, impact simulation scenes with seated dummy were created using the variables including constraint conditions, postures and passenger number. The numerical calculation has been done with the acceleration test load defined in AV/STg001 stand- ard as the boundary condition, and dummy posture response history data were obtained. An assessment condi- tion by considering the considering relation between the physical parameters of the dummy response and injury grades was proposed, covering the relation among Head Injury Criteria （HIC）, the chest 3 ms acceleration and Abbreviated Injury Scale （AIS）, and the tibia index. The analysis of simulation results and injury prediction in- dicate that seated passengers may suffer different injuries such as the head concussion, skull fracture, rib frac- ture and leg bruise, fracture in an impact accident. The side backup of the seat significantly affects the ampli- tude of posture response. The size and material of a seat and its accessories can be considered as the design variables to reduce passenger injuries. The passenger number, which may significantly increase the complexity of secondary impact and injury grade, is one of the unfavorable factors for the passenger injury.