中文摘要：

Superhydrophobic 和 superhydrophilic 表面广泛地为工业应用由于他们的重要性被调查了。然而， superhydrophobic 表面是很敏感的加热，这被报导了，紫外(紫外) 轻、电的潜力，它防碍他们的长期的耐久性。在这研究，我们介绍一条新奇途径完成柔韧的 superhydrophobic 由设计定义建筑学的复杂 nanostructures 的薄电影。分别地，有在 mesoporous nanoball 堵住的 1D nanowire 网络， 2D nanosheet 栈，和 3D 的形态学的控制成分体系结构的 ZnO 空 microspheres 的一个家庭经由一个二拍子的圆舞被综合自己组装途径，有特殊设计的结构的 oligomers 或成分 nanostructures 在哪儿，首先从表面活化剂模板形成，然后进一步由第二合作表面活化剂的增加集合了进复杂形态学。由二拍子的圆舞组成的薄电影综合了有不同体系结构的 ZnO 空 microspheres 与 150 猠杵敧瑳 ? 的接触角度介绍了 superhydrophobicities ? 漠楲慧業愠 ?? 慣摮摩瑡 ? 汰瑡潦浲映牯椠瑮慲散汬汵牡琠牡敧楴杮

英文摘要：

Superhydrophobic and superhydrophilic surfaces have been extensively inves- tigated due to their importance for industrial applications. It has been reported, however, that superhydrophobic surfaces are very sensitive to heat, ultraviolet （UV） light, and electric potential, which interfere with their long-term durability. In this study, we introduce a novel approach to achieve robust superhydrophobic thin films by designing architecture-defined complex nanostructures. A family of ZnO hollow microspheres with controlled constituent architectures in the morphologies of 1D nanowire networks, 2D nanosheet stacks, and 3D mesoporous nanoball blocks, respectively, was synthesized via a two-step self-assembly approach, where the oligomers or the constituent nanostructures with specially designed structures are first formed from surfactant templates, and then further assembled into complex morphologies by the addition of a second co-surfactant. The thin films composed of two-step synthesized ZnO hollow microspheres with different architectures presented superhydrophobicities with contact angles of 150°-155°, superior to the contact angle of 103° for one-step synthesized ZnO hollow microspheres with smooth and solid surfaces. Moreover, the robust superhydrophobicity was further improved by perfluorinated silane surface modification. The perfluorinated silane treated ZnO hollow microsphere thin films maintained excellent hydrophobicity even after 75 h of UV irradiation. The realization of environmentally durable promising solution for their long-term irradiations. superhydrophobic surfaces provides a service under UV or strong solar light