中文摘要：

水源地突发水污染、极端干旱、国家发展战略调整导致的水资源非常规需求不断增加,促使人们意识到初始水权配置过程中需要分配一定的政府预留水量,但其专项研究相对较少。在回顾相关文献的基础上,对政府预留水量概念、分类、属性与作用进行了讨论和梳理,分析了政府预留水量的动因,总结出试点流域的实践经验,以期对进一步开展研究有所启示。

英文摘要：

Unconventional water demands such as accidental water source pollution, extreme drought, and national development strategy coordina- tion were increasing frequently, which needed certain governmental reserved water from initial water right allocation. Special research on governmental reserved water was insufficient. Based on related literature review, this paper discussed and introduced definition, category, characteristics and function of governmental reserved water. Then, this article analyzed the reasons for governmental reserved water, and summarized practical experiences of some basins, trying to give some elicitation on related research.