中文摘要：

2007年7—9月,在喜马拉雅山中东段蒙达扛日冰川进行了水文和物质平衡的同步观测.结果表明：观测期间,蒙达扛日冰川表现为物质负平衡,冰川消融集中在7月和8月中上旬.观测的70 d内,花杆区冰川物质平衡量为-435～-711 mm,日平均值为-6.2～-10.2 mm.d-1,冰川的总物质平衡量为-355 mm.蒙达扛日冰川径流波动总体受气温控制,在冰川末端及其下游所设立的两个水文断面流域径流深分别为617 mm和530 mm,流域径流模数分别为102 L.s-1.km-2和88 L.s-1.km-2.水量平衡分析表明,上、下游断面控制流域内由冰川消融所贡献的流域径流深度分别为501 mm和417mm,其中埋藏冰融水、释放的冰裂隙蓄水等水体所贡献的流域径流深度分别为173 mm和210 mm.

英文摘要：

An expedition to the Mengdakangri Glacier in the mid-eastern section of the Himalayas was carried out from July to September,2007.It is found that the Mengdakangri Glacier showed a negative mass balance in the expedition period,with very strong ablation in July and early August.During the expedition of 70 days,the mass balance in the ablation stake covered area was-435～-711 mm,with a mean rate of-6.2～-10.2 mm5d-1,and the total mass balance of the Mengdakangri Glacier was calculated to be-355 mm.The fluctuation of runoff of the Mengdakangri Glacier was mainly controlled by temperature.The glacier meltwater runoff depths at the two monitoring sections below the glacier terminal were 617mm and 530mm,respectively,with the runoff moduluses of 102 L5s-15km-2 and 88 L5s-15km-2.The water balance analysis showed that the runoff depths of the upper section and lower section were supplied by glacial melt water of 501 mm and 417 mm,respectively,including buried ice meltwater（apper section： 173 mm;lower section 210 mm） and released glacier crack storage water（210 mm）.