中文摘要：

海洋生物泵及其与碳循环关键生物地球化学研究是当今全球变化研究的前沿课题。边缘海是全球海洋的重要组分,在生态系统的物质循环、能量流动和气候调节中起着十分重要的调控作用,同时也是海洋生态系统和生物地球化学过程相互作用研究的热点和难点区域。针对＂边缘海浮游生物群落结构如何调控生物泵效率＂这一科学命题,归纳分析了浮游生态系统主要生物组分及其在碳循环和生物泵（颗粒有机碳输出）过程中的作用,总结了当前国内外相关研究进展和存在的问题。目前大多数的研究思路是将整个浮游生态系统看成黑箱模式,关注该生态系统某些方面的动态与生物泵效率的关系。最新研究表明,浮游生态系统对生物泵的调控并不是简单的线性关系,该系统内不同营养级间的碳流与颗粒有机碳输出的相关过程非常复杂。简单地利用浮游生物不同类群（含营养级）生物量和生产力等指标来阐明浮游生态系统结构和生物泵效率的耦合机制非常困难。针对当今存在的问题,提出从整个浮游生态系统入手,在研究生态系统群落组成和生物量（即各类群颗粒有机碳储库）的基础上,更加关注有机碳在不同营养级之间的转换过程及其速率,期望阐明影响生物泵效率的关键生物地球化学过程和机制,同时构建不同浮游生态系统的碳流传递过程和颗粒有机碳的输出模式,从而最终揭示浮游生物群落结构调控生物泵效率的问题。

英文摘要：

Biological pump study,coupling with carbon biogeochemical cycle is the hot issue of current global change research. Marginal sea is an important component of the world＇s oceans,playing key roles in the regulations of nutrient cycling and energy flow,as well as climate regulation,which makes it the hotspot of studies on marine ecosystems and biogeochemistry. Based on the scientific question of ＂how planktonic community structure regulates biological pump efficiency in the marginal seas＂,this review paper described the roles that main biological components of planktonic ecosystem play in regulating both biological pump（ that is particulate organic carbon（ POC） export） and carbon flow,and summarized progresses that have been made so far as well as problems remain in the field. The idea of most previous studies is to take the whole planktonic ecosystem as a black box,focusing on only parts of the ecosystem（ e. g. physical processes,biological production,community structure and so on） to deduce the relationships between these dynamics and efficiency of biological pump. Recent studies also indicated that how planktonic ecosystem regulates biological pump was not simple or linear as the process of how carbon flow among different components within the ecosystem acts on POC export are very complex. In order to address the current issues,we come up with the idea that takes the whole planktonic ecosystem as a unit,investigating community composition,biomass,as well as key carbon transfer conversion rates among different trophic levels. We aim to reveal key processes influencing the efficiency of biological pump,and establish the coupling models of carbon flow and POC export for different planktonic ecosystems,and thus eventually explain how planktonic community regulates biological pump efficiency in the marginal seas.