中文摘要：

在利用主要国家专利机构的专利数据对电动汽车技术发展水平和趋势进行分析的基础上,引入跨国专利（transnational patents）概念,以避免在利用专利数据进行国际技术比较中＂本土优势＂的影响,客观评价主要国家电动汽车相对技术水平。构建跨国专利比例指标,对主要国家电动汽车技术的国际化程度进行比较研究,并引入专利比较优势指数分析主要国家电动汽车技术的比较优势。统计结果表明,中国电动汽车技术发展迅速,但是与日本、美国等国家依然存在较大差距,主要表现在国际专利申请数量少、专利国际化程度低等方面;中国在电池及电池控制技术领域存在比较优势,而电机及电机控制技术存在明显的比较劣势,中国需要进一步加强电机技术的研发以推动电动汽车产业的整体平衡发展。

英文摘要：

On the basis of the study of levels and trends of Electric Vehicle （EV） technology development by using the patent da- ta extracted from the patent organizations of major nations, a new indicator, namely, transnational patent, is novelly introduced to avoid the effect of domestic advantages in the international comparison of technology level by patent database analysis and to ob- jectively evaluate international EV technology competititiveness of major EV countries. An indicator named as transnational patent proportion is constructed to measure the internationalization degree of EV technologies in different countries, and the comparative advantages of EV sub - category technologies in different countries are also analyzed by the indicator of revealed patent advan- tage. Statistical results show that China has experienced a rapid growth in EV technologies, whereas it still lags behind developed automotive countries, such as Japan and the US, it could be reflected by China＇ s relatively low quantitiy of international patent filings and low internationalization degree of patents. China displays comparative advantages in battery technologies and battery controlling systems, while it shows remarkable disadvantages in motor technologies and motor controlling systems, it calls for a more intensive research in the field of motor and motor controlling technologies to promote the overall and balanced development of China＇ s EV industry.