中文摘要：

开展三次重复人工暴雨试验，研究太湖流域平原河网区农田磷素在暴雨径流过程中的迁移输出特征，结果表明，地表径流是暴雨径流过程农田磷素迁移的主要途径，地表径流水相和侵蚀相磷素迁移量分别占总磷输出量的58.50％和34.69％；随壤中水流输移的磷素仅占总磷输出量的6.81％，磷素迁移以颗粒态为主，约占总磷输出量的60.73％，溶解态磷素以无机磷酸盐输出为主，溶解态磷素更易于在土壤中运动，地表径流与壤中流磷素输出特征对比分析显示，土壤对磷素具有较强的滤减作用，尤其对总颗粒态附着磷浓度的消减效果明显，可达80％以上，尽管暴雨径流过程中磷素迁移以地表径流为主，然而在降雨丰富的太湖地区，一般降雨条件下壤中流是产流的主要形式，同时壤中流溶解态磷流失占有较大的比例，对区域水环境恶化具有重要贡献，因此加强壤中流溶解态磷素输移和控制研究具有重要意义，

英文摘要：

River network plain in Taihu Basin was selected as an experiment place, and triple duplication experiments had been carried out under artificial rainfall conditions to study the characteristics of phosphorus transfer from runoff of farmland. The results indicated that surface runoffwas the main way of phosphorus losing from the agricultural field during artificial rainfall. The amount of losing phosphorus caused by surface flow and soil erosion of total phosphorus output accounted for 58.50% and 34.69% respectively, while that by interflow of total phosphorus output was only 6.81%. Particulate phosphorus was the primary pattern of phosphorus transfer which accounted for 60.73% of the total phosphorus losing. Inorganic phosphate was the primary pattern of dissolved phosphorus transfer. Compared with the particulate phosphorus, dissolved phosphorus can move more easily in the soil. Analysis of the characteristics of phosphorus transfer in surface runoff and interflow showed that soil could reduce the concentration of phosphorus when flows passed through it, in particular have obvious effect on reducing the concentration of TPP, up more than 80%. In addition, despite surface runoffwas the primary way of phosphorus transfer in rainstorm-runoff process, in such a basin as Taihu, which has abundant rainfall, interflow is the main pattern at normal rainfall conditions, dissolved phosphorus transfer from interflow account for a large percentage of phosphorus loss, which has an important contribution to water environmental degradation of the region. Therefore it is of great significance to strengthen the research of dissolved phosphorus transfer for environment conservation.