中文摘要：

以青岛市崂山区为例,利用2015年1月和3月平行采集的PM（2.5）及总悬浮颗粒物（TSP）样品,分析其中8种水溶性无机离子及13种微量元素含量,比较不同粒径颗粒物的化学组成、来源差异以及雾霾天对其影响。结果表明,采样期间PM（2.5）和TSP中总水溶性无机离子浓度分别为29.35±22.98μg/m3和47.05±15.98μg/m3,微量金属元素总浓度为1 333±1 148 ng/m3和5 912±3 208 ng/m3。NH4＋、NO3-、SO4（2-）和Zn、Pb、Ni、As、Cd主要存在于细粒子中,Na＋、Ca（2＋）、K＋和Al、Fe、Mn、Ba、Sr、Co主要存在于粗粒子中,而Mg（2＋）、Cl-及V在粗细粒子中浓度相当。雾霾天时,PM（2.5）中NH4＋、NO3-、SO4（2-）、Ca（2＋）和微量元素浓度与非雾霾天相比显著升高,且增幅明显高于TSP中的,但Na＋、Mg（2＋）、Cl-和V在PM（2.5）和TSP中的浓度均与非雾霾天时基本相当。PM（2.5）中主要受人为源或地壳源和人为源共同影响的元素其富集因子明显高于TSP中的,但主要受地壳源影响的元素其富集因子与TSP中的基本一致。PM（2.5）和TSP均受到二次生成源、燃煤/重油燃烧排放、土壤源、工业源、机动车一次排放源及海洋源的影响,但是不同源对不同粒径颗粒物的相对贡献程度不同,PM（2.5）以二次生成源的贡献最大,而TSP以土壤源贡献最大。

英文摘要：

Taking the Laoshan District of Qingdao City as a case study, PM（2.5）and total suspended particulate（TSP） were sampled from January to March 2015. Eight water-soluble inorganic ions and thirteen trace elements in these samples were analyzed to compare the impact of haze weather on the composition of these chemical elements. The results showed that the total concentrations of water-soluble inorganic ions in PM（2.5）and TSP were 29.35±22.98 μg/m~3 and 47.05±15.98μg/m~3 respectively while the concentrations of all trace elements in PM（2.5）and TSP were 1 333±1 148 ng/m~3 and 5 912±3 208 ng/m~3 respectively. NH4~＋, NO3~-, SO4~（2-）and Zn, Pb, Ni, As, and Cd were dominated in PM（2.5）; Na~＋, Ca~（2＋）, K~＋and Al, Fe,Mn, Ba, Sr, and Co were rich in PM2.5; Mg~（2＋）, Cl~-and V were evenly distributed in the coarse and fine fractions. During haze days, the concentrations of NH4~＋, NO3~-, SO4~（2-）, Ca~（2＋）and trace elements in both PM（2.5）and TSP had a sharp increase compared to those on non-haze days,and the increase rates of these ions and elements in PM（2.5）were higher than those in TSP. However, the concentrations of Na＋, Mg~（2＋）, Cl-and V were fairly constant during haze and non-haze days.Enrichment Factors（EFs） of trace elements which were mainly from the anthropogenic source or the mixed anthropogenic and crustal sources in PM（2.5）were higher than those in TSP. However, for elements originated mainly from the crustal source, their EFs were nearly the same in the two kinds of aerosol. PMF analysis revealed that both PM（2.5）and TSP mainly came from six sources： secondary source, coal/heavy oil combustion source, soil source, industrial source, vehicle primary emission and ocean source. But the contributions of sources to PM（2.5）and TSP were different. The secondary source contributed the largest portion to PM（2.5）while the soil source contributed the largest portion to TSP.