围绕如何防止我国旅游安全质量事故发生问题,本文首先基于旅游产业特点与法规视角对我国旅游安全质量概念进行了研究与界定。其次,对我国重大的旅游安全质量事故发生的原因进行了分析,发现其中的重要原因是对旅游安全质量事故偏重事后的反馈控制管理,忽略或缺乏完善的前馈控制管理、同期的实时控制管理、对监管者的监管系统,缺乏明确与全面的责任主体和社会治理系统,缺乏能激励责任主体正确作为的有效动力系统,由此提出了需要研究与建设全面提升我国旅游安全质量控制管理系统问题。第三,运用旅游安全质量概念、系统论、控制论、利益相关者理论、社会责任与治理理论、行为学与旅游安全的相关法规,结合旅游安全质量管理的特点与问题,对全面提升我国旅游安全质量的控制管理系统进行了深入研究,构建了全面提升我国旅游安全质量管理的前馈控制系统、同期实时监管控制系统、反馈控制系统、对监管者的监管系统、责任主体与社会治理系统、责任主体的动力系统、分类管理系统。同时,以荣获“国家旅游局全国旅游标准化示范单位”称号的河南云台山5A级景区旅游安全质量管理的最佳实践为例,本文对如何运用全面提升我国旅游安全质量控制管理系统的举措进行了研究说明。最后,运用制度变迁理论,说明了推广采用全面提升我国旅游安全质量控制管理系统的步骤。
Aimed to prevent China' s tourism safety quality accidents, this paper firstly studied and defined the definition of China' s tourism safety quality from perspectives of both the characteristics of tourism and the relevant laws and regulations. Secondly, it analyzed the causes of the accidents. It found that the main cause is that too much importance is attached to feedback control and that the following systems of feed-forward control, simultaneous control, controlling supervisor management behaviors, responsible actors and social governance, and responsible actors' motivation are neglected. Hence, it suggested that we need to study and construct completely-enhancing tourism safety quality control system. Thirdly ,it applied the definition of tourism safety quality, system theory, cybernetics, stakeholder theory, social responsibility and governance theory, behavioral science, as well as relevant tourism safety laws and regulations, and combined these theories with the characteristics of tourism safety management and issues to construct the following systems of feed-forward control, simultaneously control, controlling supervisor management behaviors, responsible actors and social governance, and responsible actors' motivation, and classification management as well, to enhance China' s tourism safety quality completely. It also took China's tourism standardized management model of 5As Yuntaishan Scenic Spot in Henan Province conferred by China's National Tourism Administration as an example to explain how to use Completely- Enhancing Tourism Safety Quality Control System of China. The paper ended with an application of the theory of institutional change to discuss the steps for promoting and adopting the System.