中文摘要：

为调查青蟹属在中国大陆东南沿海的种类组成及明确优势种的种类，采集了13个地区共413只青蟹。通过形态比较，确认有4个种，它们是：锯缘青蟹（Scylla serrata），紫螯青蟹（Scylla tranquebarica），拟穴青蟹（Scylla paramamosain），榄绿青蟹（Scylla olivacea）。这4个种类可以从头胸甲额缘4齿的长度（FMSH／DFMS）、形状，螯足腕节内刺的有无、螯足及步足斑纹来区分。其中拟穴青蟹在中国大陆东南沿海分布最广，数量最多，其他3个种仅在海南和北部湾被发现。在拟穴青蟹中有9．7％的成熟个体和33．3％未成熟个体具有螯足内刺，因此不能仅凭借这个特征来鉴别拟穴青蟹。本文对青蟹属4个种的特征进行了描述并编制分种检索表。

英文摘要：

There has been argument on dominant species and the species composition in the coast of southeast China in genus Scylla. 413 individuals were collected from 13 sites and took 24 measurements with vernier calipers to the nearest 0.1 mm. By morphological comparison, there are 4 species being classified, namely Scylla serrata, Scylla tranquebarica, Scylla paramamosain, Scylla olivacea. The four species can be distinguished from the length and shape of the four frontal spines, with or without inner carpus spine and the polygonal patterning of chelipeds and legs. Scylla paramamosain is the most dominant and the other species can only be found in Hainan Province and Beibu Bay. The inner carpus spine is not the basis by which to distinguish S. paramamosain from other species, since 9.7% adults and 33.3% juveniles have this spine.The morphological characters and a key to the 4 species are also given.