中文摘要：

以新疆玛纳斯河流域为研究区,利用三次野外观测获取的山区积雪光谱数据（波段范围为350~2500nm）,分析研究区内的典型地物光谱曲线特征,以及新雪、污化雪、陈雪和风吹雪的反射特性,探讨污染物类型和浓度、雪层含水量、雪粒径、雪与枯草混合物对积雪反射特性的影响,为山区积雪识别提供依据.结果表明：受污染物、雪层含水量、雪粒径、雪与枯草混合物等因素影响,污化雪、陈雪、雪与枯草混合物的光谱曲线兼有积雪与非雪地物的反射特性;在可见光波段,污化雪、陈雪的反射率有不同程度的下降,但是依然高于非雪地物的反射率;在近红外波段,新雪、污化雪、陈雪、风吹雪、雪与枯草混合物的光谱曲线在1020nm、1250nm处均出现积雪特有的吸收谷,在1080nm、1320nm、2246nm波段均出现积雪特有的反射峰.另外,污染物在降低积雪反射率的同时,使得污化雪在可见光波段的光谱曲线呈现上升趋势,即呈现污染物自身的光谱曲线特征,与其它类型的积雪形成明显对比,是区分污化雪与其它类型积雪的关键所在.

英文摘要：

Spectral characters analysis of snow is an important base for snow identifying in mountainous area of Manasi River Basin,Xinjiang Province.Three times of field measurements were conducted for snow observation and spectral data collecting over study area.Spectral characteristic comparison between（1）snow and non-snow cover types,（2）new snow,polluted snow,aged snow,and blowing snow were performed firstly.Then,we analyzed the influence of pollutants,snow grain size,and volumetric water content on snow reflectance.The results show that although the spectral reflectance of aged snow,polluted snow,blowing snow,and snow and grass mixture has decreased at different degree in visible light band,they are still higher than the reflectance of non-snow cover type.In the near-infrared band,new snow,polluted snow,aged snow,blowing snow,snow and grass mixtures all appear with obvious spectral absorption peaks at 1020 nm,1250nm,and obvious absorption valley at 1080 nm,1320nm,2246 nm,which are obvious different from the spectral curve of non-snow cover type.In addition,the upward trend of spectral curve of polluted snow at visual light band provides an important foundation for its identification from other kinds of snow.