中文摘要：

收集了关中盆地162个浅层地下水水化学分析数据，采用描述性分析、相关性分析和主成分分析等数理统计方法，对水化学成分的分布特征与形成作用进行研究。结果表明：研究区浅层地下水中阴离子以HCO3-为主，渭河以南地下水中阳离子以Ca2＋为主，渭河以北以Na＋为主，在地下水中，HCO3-、Ca2＋、Mg2＋含量比较稳定，Cl-、SO42-含量变化较大，属于随环境变化的敏感因子。渭河南北地区地下水水化学场的形成作用有所差异，南部地区以风化一溶滤作用为主，北部地区以矿物溶解和蒸发浓缩作用为主。该成果可为区域水资源的可持续利用及环境管理提供科学依据。

英文摘要：

The descriptive analysis, correlation analysis, and principal component analysis were used to investigate the distribution charac- teristics and formation function of groundwater chemical components in the Guanzhong Basin based on 162 groundwater samples. The results showed that the dominant cation is HCO3- of the shallow groundwater in the study area,and the dominant anion is Ca2＋ in the south of Wei River, and Na＋ in the north of Wei River. The concentrations of HCO3- , Ca2＋ , and Mg2＋ were stable while the concentra- tions of Cl- and SO42- varied significantly and were sensitive to the environmental faetors. The formation functions of hydrochemical field were different between the north and south of Wei River with the weathering and leaching functions in the south of Wei River and the mineral dissolution and evaporation concentration functions in the north of Wei River. The results in this study can provide scientific references for the sustainable utilization of water resources and environmental management in this area.