中文摘要：

地址用来标识节点，使能网络通信协议，在无线传感器网络中扮演重要角色．由于无线传感器网络中节点众多，再考虑其网络动态性，手动地为每个节点分配地址是一件繁琐甚至无法完成的工作，于是，地址分配协议成为必需．由于无线传感器网络自身所具有的特点，传统的DHCP协议和adhoc网络的地址分配协议对其不再适用．分析了无线传感器网络地址分配协议的必要性，总结了地址分配协议需要解决的问题和所面临的挑战，并对已有地址分配协议进行了分类．介绍和比较了当前有代表性的地址分配协议，并指出了它们的问题，分析了地址分配协议下一步研究的重点．

英文摘要：

Address plays an important role in WSN （wireless sensor networks）, which is used to identify sensor node and enable communication protocols. Due to the numerous sensor nodes and network dynamics in WSN, it is difficult even impossible to configure address for each node manually. With its unique characteristics, addressing protocols for TCP/IP and ad hoc networks are not suitable for WSN. So addressing auto-configuration protocol for WSN has to be devised. Firstly, the need for addressing protocol in WSN is analyzed. The research issues and challenges of designing addressing protocol are also summarized. Then, the present representative addressing protocols are classified, introduced in detail and compared in characteristics and performance. Finally, the open issues and future research directions are pointed out.