中文摘要：

根据裸光纤光栅（FBG）对应变的灵敏度远高于对压力的灵敏度这一特点,设计了一种基于等强度梁结构的FBG冰力传感器,并可以通过调节封装构件的尺寸调节其测量压力的灵敏度系数。对传感器的标定结果显示,这种FBG冰力传感器的线性相关度良好,实测的灵敏度系数与理论值一致。该种传感器在冰激桥墩振动模型试验中得到了应用,成功监测了桥墩在不同冰速撞击下受到的冰力。实验表明,这种FBG传感器灵敏度高、可靠性好、对结构自身的影响很小,可直接测量冰的撞击力,适合于模型实验中的冰力监测。

英文摘要：

Ice load is one of the most dangerous factor which threatens the health of structures on the sea in the cold area.The ice-loading model experiment is an effective method to identify the ice load and evaluate its influence towards the structures.It is important to identify and monitor the ice loads in the model experiment.In this paper,a FBG ice force sensor with enhanced strain sensitivity is presented and applied in the tests of ice loading on bridge pier model.This paper discusses the principle of enhanced sensitivity of the FBG ice force sensor and calibration experiments are conducted to evaluate its force transferring characteristics.This paper also investigates the applicability of the FBG ice force sensors in the tests of ice loading on bridge pier model,and the impact of the ice loads in different ice velocity on the bridge pier model is monitored.Results of the calibration experiments and the model test demonstrate that the FBG ice force sensor is credited with suitable force sensor for model test due to its advantages of small size,high precision and low influence on the structure.