中文摘要：

目的探讨心肺复苏（CPR）时提高血钾浓度是否有助于心室纤颤（室颤）大鼠转复为窦性心律。方法按随机数字表法将电刺激诱导出持续性室颤的雄性SD大鼠分成两组，于电刺激开始5min分别经股静脉注射0．8mL／kg的2．5％氯化钾溶液（KCl组，n=9）或等体积生理盐水（NS组，n=9），随即行常规CPR，比较两组动物的心电变化特点以及电除颤的影响。结果在CPR过程中，与NS组比较，KCl组室颤自动复律率动物数增加（只：2比1，P=1．000），电除颤成功动物数增加（只：7比3，P=0．026），除颤次数减少（次：1．60±0．79比2．70±0．58，P=0．064），累积电除颤能量降低（J：4．00±3．00比8．30±2．89，P=0．068），自主循环恢复（ROSC）动物数增多（只：9比4，P=0．029），ROSC时间缩短（s：265．10±134．58比421．30±162．06，P=0．096）。在CPR开始时，两组均表现为细颤波形（振幅〈0．5mV）；CPR3min时KCl组室颤振幅明显高于NS组（mV：0．92±0．16比0．67±0．23，P=0．030）；随复苏时间延长，未转复为窦性心律的动物室颤振幅再度逐渐减小，至CPR7min时，KCl组和NS组表现为细颤的动物分别为0只和5只。结论提高室颤大鼠血钾浓度有助于升高室颤振幅，促进持续性室颤的自动复律，增加电除颤的成功率，降低电除颤所需的能量。

英文摘要：

Objeetive To investigate whether increasing the concentration of serum potassium facilitates the eardioversion to sinus rhythm during cardiopulmonary resuscitation （CPR） in a rat ventricular fibrillation （VF） model. Methods Sprague-Dawley （SD） rats with sustained VF by electrical induction were randomized into two groups by random number table. Five minutes after onset of electrical induction, 2.5% potassium chloride solution at a dose of 0.8 mL/kg （KC1 group, n = 9） or equivalent normal saline （NS group, n = 9） was given respectively via femoral vein followed by traditional CPR. The changes of electrocardiogram （ECG） and the effect of defibrillation were compared between the two groups. Results During the CPR, the number of animals with spontaneous eardioversion （2 vs. 1, P = 1.000） and successful defibrillation （7 vs. 3, P = 0.026） were both increasing in KC1 group compare with those in the NS group, which required fewer defibrillation （1.60 ± 0.79 vs. 2.70 ± 0.58, P = 0.064）, lower ealeulative defibrillation energy （J： 4.00 ± 3.00 vs. 8.30 ± 2.89, P = 0.068）, more animals restore spontaneous circulation （ROSC, 9 vs. 4, P= 0.029） and shorter ROSC time （s： 265.10± 134.58 vs. 421.30± 162.06, P = 0.096）. At the beginning of CPR, animals in two groups all presented the fine amplitude （amplitude 〈 0.5 mV）. At CPR 3 minutes the KCl group presented significantly larger amplitude compared with NS group （mV： 0.92 ± 0.16 vs. 0.67 ± 0.23, P = 0.030）; The amplitude decreased in the animals which did not attain eardioversion to sinus rhythm over time. The animal number of fine amplitude at CPR 7 minutes were 0 and 5, respectively, in the KCl group and the NS group. Conclusion Increasing serum potassium concentration facilitates the VF amplitude enlargement, promotes the spontaneous conversion, increases the successful rate of defibrillation and reduces the energy for defibrillation in a rat VF model.