中文摘要：

本文分析了投弃式海流电场剖面仪的发展，简介了海流感生电场的基本原理，提出了投弃式海流电场剖面仪的技术方案．根据投弃式海流电场剖面仪的实际需求，研发了XCP海流电场传感器，并通过XCP探头的自旋转（16r／s），实现了将海流电场信号AM调制并频移至海流电场传感器的超低噪声频段，解决了在高噪声背景下快速测量纳伏级微弱海流电场信号．设计实现了XCP探头前端弱信号处理电路，对海流电场微弱信号进行滤波提取的同时可实现对海流电场同向分量进行硬件电路补偿，在一定程度上克服了XCP探头下沉引起感生电场的强干扰．在XCP探头内部采用SoPC技术实现对海流电场信号、罗盘线圈信号和温度信息的快速测量及其数字化处理，并将数字信息以UART协议及LVDS物理层数传方式发送到XCP浮筒端．开创了长度2km、直径0．1mm漆包线动态数据传输技术，解决了XCP探头和XCP浮筒之间的数字化数据传输问题．根据XCP探头所采集的海流电场信号与罗盘线圈信号的同相分量In、正交分量Q、基线量B。数据，研究了XCP探测方法，从而计算出了海流的东向与北向相对速度分量VEr、VNr采用所研发的XCP，在我国南海海域首次采集到海面至海下千米深度的XCP海流电场信息和海洋温度信息．

英文摘要：

This paper analyzes the development of the expendable current profiler, presents briefly the basic principles of the ocean current induced electric field, and proposes a technical solution for the expendable current profiler. The XCP ocean current electric field sensor is developed according to the actual requirements of the expendable current profiler. During descending of the XCP probe, it will rotate at the speed of 16 r/s, and is driven by the rotation blade, so as to modulate the ocean current electric field signal using AM approach and move it into the ultra-low-noise frequency range of the sensor. In this way, the weak ocean current electric field signal could be rapidly processing circuit on top of the supplementary for the homonymous measured under the high noise background. XCP probe is designed tO realize the component of the ocean current electric fie The weak signal hardware circuit ld while filtering the weak signal of the ocean current electric field, and eliminate the strong interference of the induced electric field produced from the descending of the XCP probe. The SoPC technology is adopted in the XCP probe research in order to measure and digitally process ocean current electric field signals, coil signals and temperature information, and send the digital information to the XCP float through the UART protocol and the LVDS physical layer transmission method. The dynamic data transmission technology with the 2 km long, 0.1 mm diameter varnished wire is developed, and the digital data transmission between the XCP probe and the XCP float is realized. The XCP ocean current data processing methods are researched based on the ocean current electric field signals collected by the XCP probe and the in-phase component I,,, quadrature component Q~ and the baseline B,,, so as to calculate the eastward and northward relative speed components, VEt and VNr, of the ocean current. The XCP ocean current electric field information and the ocean temperature information at the depth of 1000 m of the South China Se