中文摘要：

阴茎为男性的重要外生殖器官,主要具有排尿、排精和性交功能。战伤、创伤、外伤以及某些疾病如阴茎癌均可造成阴茎完全或部分缺损,严重导致尿流改道和丧失性交能力,给患者精神和生活上造成巨大的创伤。因此阴茎缺损的修复日益受到患者和医生的高度重视,理想的治疗应达到具有良好的外形和感觉、通畅的站立排尿、顺利完成性交3个方面的和谐统一。目前阴茎缺损临床治疗主要采用阴茎再植术、阴茎延长术及阴茎再造术;随着移植免疫、组织配型、免疫抑制剂的研究进展,以及动物异体肢体移植的长期存活等令人鼓舞的结果,为人体异体阴茎移植治疗阴茎缺损奠定了坚实的基础;组织工程技术构建阴茎组织绝大部分尚处于实验阶段,如何在临床上将构建的组织与自体组织有效的融合,在重建阴茎外观的基础上,使之发挥持久的功能将是一项值得继续研究的课题。

英文摘要：

As the important external genitalia of males,penis has the functions of both urination and copulation.Battle wound,other trauma,and some diseases such as penile cancer can result in total and partial penile defect,which has great impact on the sufferers＇ mind and life.Therefore,the treatment of penile defect is receiving more and more importance from both the patients and doctors.The ideal treatment is expected to achieve a satisfactory appearance,unobstructed standing urination and successful copulation.Nowadays,the main clinical techniques for the treatment of penile defect include penile replantation,penile lengthening,and penile reconstruction.The progress made in transplantation immunity,tissue matching,immunosuppressive agents,and long-term surviving of animal allograft limb transplantation has prepared a firm ground for human penile allograft.The construction of penile tissues by tissue engineering techniques is still at the experimental stage.It would be a valuable research how to assimilate the constructed and autologous tissues in clinical practice so as to achieve better function and appearance of the penis.