中文摘要：

挡潮闸作为河口治理的一项重要措施,在我国广泛采用。河口建闸在为河口地区的经济发展做出积极贡献的同时也带来了严重的闸下泥沙淤积问题,限制了河口资源的综合利用。介绍我国建闸河口闸下淤积情况,并阐述国内外学者针对闸下淤积问题进行的机理探讨和模拟研究。总结出影响闸下淤积形态的多个因素,包括潮流作用、闸下引河长度、河口泥沙的动力特性、闸下港道类型以及建闸位置等。提出以前的研究中存在的缺陷并针对性地建议今后的研究方向和研究途径。

英文摘要：

Constructing sluices is widely used as an important way of estuarine regulation in China,which will lead to severe siltation downstream estuarine floodgates while promoting the local economic development and limiting the comprehensive use of estuary.This paper describes the siltation downstream sluices and elaborates the silting mechanism and simulation study at home and abroad on this problem.Many factors influencing the siltation pattern are summarized including the tidal current,the length of irrigation channel,dynamic features of estuarine sediment,the types of rivers downstream sluices,location of sluices,etc.The defects existing in the previous study are illustrated and suggestions are given to the direction and methods of future study.