中文摘要：

地下工程施工一般需分步、分段进行，其边界会随着开挖过程不断发生变化。而多数岩石又具有流变特性。因此，隧道施工中围岩力学分析应考虑岩体流变时效与动态施工的共同作用。本文从一般粘弹性时变力学方程出发，用拉普拉斯变换法得出了弹性问题和粘弹性问题间的对应性关系。当把岩石模拟为H—Kilvin粘弹性体，根据对应性关系求得了两向不等压下圆形隧洞任意形式断面开挖过程中的应力和位移积分形式解答。通过折减地应力，也可考虑纵向施工效应影响。当隧洞半径随时间线性变化时，通过某算例分析了断面开挖时不同施工速度、不同角度和侧压系数对位移和应力的影响。结果显示，开挖越缓慢，位移变化也比较平缓，且其施工结束时的位移越大，达到稳定所需的时间越短。

英文摘要：

The underground construction is always in steps and stages and the boundary of the tunnel va- ries continuously with the process of the excavation. Since most rock mass has a property of rheology, the rock＇s rheology and dynamic excavation were taken into account in the analysis of tunnel＇s rock mass. With the general viscoelastic time-varying equation, the corresponding relation between viscoelastic solu- tions and elastic solutions were obtained using the Laplace transform method. Simulating the rock into H- K viscoelastic mass, the integral forms of stress and displacement of anisobaric ciucular tunel under arbi- trary excavate forms were derived according to the corresponding relation. The effect of longitudinal di- rection construction was considered by deducting crustal stress. Assuming the tunnel＇s radius in linear variation and the section excavating, the effect among dissimilar excavation speed , different angle, dis- tinct coefficient of horizontal pressure with the displacement and stress were analyzed. From the results, more slower the excavation speed induced more flatter of the displacement＇s variation, and the finished displacement of excavating is also bigger, but attaining the stable is more shorter.