中文摘要：

【目的】为明确大气CO2浓度升高对入侵昆虫西花蓟马Frankliniella occidentalis及其本地近缘种花蓟马F.intonsa的影响机制。【方法】在CO2人工气候箱（400和800μL/L）内分别以不同的寄主植物（四季豆、茼蒿、辣椒和黄瓜）饲养西花蓟马和花蓟马3代以后,比较分析两种蓟马成虫体内消化酶（淀粉酶、胰蛋白酶和脂肪酶）活性的差异。【结果】4种寄主植物饲养的西花蓟马和花蓟马成虫体内淀粉酶活性均随着CO2浓度的升高而降低,其中四季豆、黄瓜、辣椒和茼蒿饲养的西花蓟马成虫体内淀粉酶活性依次降低21.39%,25.33%,44.59%和42.27%;而花蓟马成虫体内淀粉酶活性则分别降低了48.79%,49.47%,38.86%和38.92%。随着CO2浓度的升高,两种蓟马成虫体内脂肪酶和胰蛋白酶的活性均升高,其中四季豆、黄瓜和辣椒饲养的两种蓟马酶活性均显著升高（P〈0.05）。高CO2浓度环境中四季豆饲养的西花蓟马脂肪酶和胰蛋白酶活性分别是对照的2.00和2.49倍,黄瓜饲养的种群其脂肪酶和胰蛋白酶活性分别是对照的2.36和2.27倍,辣椒饲养种群相应的酶活性分别是对照的3.61和3.59倍。而高CO2浓度环境中四季豆、黄瓜和辣椒饲养的花蓟马脂肪酶活性仅分别是对照的1.76,2.18和2.69倍,胰蛋白酶活性分别为对照的1.72,2.19和2.42倍。【结论】CO2浓度升高和寄主植物种类是影响两种蓟马成虫体内淀粉酶、胰蛋白酶和脂肪酶活性变化的重要原因,两种蓟马均能通过调节自身的酶活性来适应未来高CO2浓度的气候环境,其中入侵种西花蓟马对环境的适应性强于本地近缘种花蓟马。

英文摘要：

【Aim】To clarify the physiological mechanisms of the effects of elevated CO2 on western flower thrips,Frankliniella occidentalis and its local related species F. intonsa. 【Methods】The activities of the digestive enzymes（ amylase,trypsin and lipase） in the adults of the two species of thrips reared on different host plants（ kidney bean,garden chrysanthemum,pepper and cucumber） in elevated CO2（ 800μL/L） and ambient CO2（ 400 μL/L） for three generations were determined and compared. 【Results】The amylase activities in F. occidentalis and F. intonsa adults reared on the four host plants in elevated CO2 were all lower than those in ambient CO2. The amylase activities in F. occidentalis adults on kidney bean,cucumber,pepper and garden chrysanthemum decreased by 21. 39%,25. 33%,44. 59% and42. 27%,respectively,while those in F. intonsa adults decreased by 48. 79%,49. 47%,38. 86% and38. 92%,respectively. In addition,the activities of lipase and trypsin increased significantly in F.occidentalis and F. intonsa adults reared on kidney bean,cucumber and pepper in elevated CO2 than those in ambient CO2（ P 〈 0. 05）. The activities of lipase and trypsin in F. occidentalis adults on kidney bean foliages in elevated CO2 were 2. 00-and 2. 49-fold as high as those in the control（ in ambient CO2）,respectively,while those in the populations reared on cucumber foliages were 2. 36-and 2. 27-fold as high as those in the control,respectively,while those in the populations reared on pepper foliages were 3. 61-and 3. 59-fold as high as those in the control,respectively. For F. intonsa,the lipase activities in elevated CO2 were only 1. 76-,2. 18-and 2. 69-fold as high as that in the control,respectively,while the trypsin activities in elevated CO2 were only 1. 72-,2. 19-and 2. 42-fold as high as that in the control,respectively. 【Conclusion】Both of CO2 concentration and host plant species are the main factors altering the activities of these three digestive enzymes. Although F. occidentalis and F.into