中文摘要：

目的评价焦作市不同地区学龄儿童在校期间大气PM2.5暴露水平。方法采用8级大气分级采样器,于2013年12月—2014年1月对该市3所小学教室内、外进行颗粒物样品采集,并对650名学龄儿童在校期间活动模式进行调查。根据小学室内、外大气PM2.5浓度和学生活动状况,计算学龄儿童在校期间大气PM2.5暴露水平。结果同年级小学生大气PM2.5综合暴露量和平均暴露量均为农村〉市区〉郊区。同小学内六年级学生的综合暴露量和综合潜在剂量最高,郊区、市区和农村六年级学生综合暴露量分别为533.20、1 298.85、1 674.79μg·h/m^3,综合潜在剂量分别为542.94、1 217.13、1 261.06μg。郊区和市区四、五年级学生平均暴露量最高,分别为64.92、154.66μg/m^3;农村六年级学生平均暴露量最高,为194.74μg/m^3。郊区和市区五年级学生的平均潜在剂量最高,分别为69.35、151.64μg/h;农村六年级学生的平均潜在剂量最高,为146.63μg/h。结论本次调查的学龄儿童在校期间大气PM2.5暴露水平较高,尤其以农村和高年级儿童更为严重,其暴露水平与环境中PM2.5浓度和学生在校活动模式有关。

英文摘要：

Objective To assess the PM2.5 exposure level of schoolchildren on school days. Methods Indoor and outdoor PM2.5 were collected in three primary schools in Jiaozuo city during the winter time with eight level atmospheric grading sampler. The activity of the schoolchildren on school days were investigated. The fine particulate matter exposure level of the children in school was calculated according to the fine particle concentration and student activity. Results High grades pupils＇ comprehensive exposure and comprehensive potential dose were higher than those in low grade pupils in the same school. Sixth grade students＇ comprehensive exposure and comprehensive potential dose were the highest in the same school. The comprehensive exposure were 533.20,1298.85,1674.79 μg·h/m^3 respectively and the comprehensive potential dose were 542.94,1 217.13,1 261.06 μg respectively for the students of high grade in suburban school, urban and rural area. The average comprehensive exposure in suburban school and urban school were 64.92 and 154.66 μg/m^3 respectively, and in rural school, it was 194.74 μg/m^3, the average potential dose in suburban school and urban school were 69.35 and 151.64 μg/h respectively,and in rural school, it was 146.63 μg/h, and both for the high grade pupils. Conclusion PM2.5 exposure level of children on school days is higher, particularly in rural and high grade children, which is associated with the concentration of PM2.5 in the environment and students＇ activity patterns on school days.