中文摘要：

铁是多细胞生物和几乎所有微生物所需的重要微量元素.虽然环境中铁储量丰富,但铁常见化合物是微溶的,生物难以获取.感染和炎症会破坏铁代谢反馈回路.哺乳动物体内多种宿主防御机制限制了病原微生物获取铁源,降低了其致病性.机体内铁水平也调控了宿主防御作用,如巨噬细胞中铁含量调节细胞因子的产生.本文综述了机体和细胞调控铁代谢保护宿主免受病原微生物感染的作用机制.

英文摘要：

Iron is an important trace element for multicellular organisms and almost all microorganisms. Although iron is rich in the environment, common forms of iron are largely insoluble and therefore poorly absorbed by biological organisms. Accordingly, iron metabolism in vertebrates is characterized by the conservation and reeycling. Infection and inflammation disrupt the iron metabo- lism feedback loop. The pathogenic microbes that enter the mam- malian host face a variety of defense mechanisms that limit their ability to obtain iron and thereby restrict their pathogenicity. Iron levels also regulate host defense, such as the cytokines production in the regulation of iron content in maerophages. This review sum- marizes the mechanisms of body and cellular iron regulation in the protection of the host from pathogenic microbial infection.