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1990～2010年广州城市河流水体形态演化研究

ISSN号：1000-0690
期刊名称：地理科学
时间：2013.2.12
页码：223-231
分类：P951[天文地球—自然地理学]
作者机构：[1]湖北大学资源环境学院,湖北武汉430062, [2]中山大学地理科学与规划学院,广东广州510275, [3]中国地质大学环境学院,湖北武汉430074, [4]南阳师范学院,河南南阳473061
相关基金：国家自然科学基金重点项目（41130747）;国家自然科学基金项目（41201164）资助; “十一五”国家科技支撑计划项目（2007BAC03A00）
相关项目：城市大规模保障性住房空间分布及决策支持模型研究——以武汉为例

作者：陈昆仑|

关键词：河流水体, 形态变化, 城市扩张, 人类活动, 广州, river and water body, morphological changes, urban sprawl, human activities, Guangzhou City

中文摘要：

近几十年来的快速工业化和城市化进程深刻地影响了广州城市河流水体的形态演化。以地形图、遥感影像及相关社会经济数据为基础,探讨了1990-2010年广州城市河流水体的时空演化特征及原因。研究发现：广州城市河流水体在面积上呈现1990-2000年略增,2000-2010年骤减的趋势;岸线长度持续缩减;形状指数呈持续加速下降趋势,表明研究区河流水体的岸线复杂度不断降低,人类活动干预不断加强。不同区域河流水体的变化存在较大差异,1990-2000年增加的水体主要位于城市郊区的白云区和萝岗区,其原因主要是鱼塘的开挖和瓷土矿的开采;2000-2010年间研究区范围内各区均呈缩减趋势。研究时限内变化比率和速率最大的均是天河区,与广州城市发展的＂东进＂相一致。人类活动的影响是研究区河流水体变化的主要原因：减少部分主要由于建成区扩张的侵占;增加部分则包括新开挖鱼塘、瓷土矿开采遗留的矿坑积水、新营造的景观水体及其他特殊用途的水体。

英文摘要：

The shapes of urban rivers and water body were deeply affected by the rapid industrialization and ur-banization in recent decades in Guangzhou. The article used topographic maps, remote sensing images and re-lated socio-economic data as a basis data to research the space-time evolution of urban rivers and water body and its causes in Guangzhou in the past two decades. The results indicated that： 1） The changes of area of river and water bogy showed a slight increase trend in the first decade and a sharply reduce trend in the last decade, the area increased 9.11 km^2 from 1990 to 2000, and reduced 32.37 km^2 from 2000 to 2010. The water front length of river and water body showed a continuous reduce trend in the past two decades, the length reduced 26.49 km from 1990 to 2000 and 1 008.19 km from 2000 to 2010. The landscape shape index were 83.49 （1990）, 80.19 （2000） and 71.83 （2010）, which showed an accelerated decline trend, and indicated that the shape complexity of rivers and water body was decreasing and human intervention was strengthening in study area. 2） There were great differences between the changes of rivers and water body in different regions and pe-riods. The increased parts from 1990 to 2000 mainly located in Baiyun and Luogang District in the outskirts of Guangzhou, because a lot of ponds had been excavated and porcelain clay lodes had been exploited in those ar- eas. In 2000-2010, decrease happened in every district in study area as a common trend. The rate and speed of change in Tianhe District is the biggest in the past two decades, and that coincided with the ＂East＂ develop-ment direction of Guangzhou. 3） The changes of rivers and water body in study area were mainly affected by human activities. The reduced parts contain the occupation of the built-up areas, and increased parts contain new ponds, porcelain cay pits, new landscape water body and other water body for special uses.

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