中文摘要：

重力波对暴雨等强对流天气有着触发机制的作用,甚至影响着大气环流、大气结构和演变.综合近50年来国内外有关大气对流层重力波的研究成果,为重力波的进一步研究提供参考.多年研究表明：暴雨等强对流系统、山脉地形等为对流层重力波波源；重力波强度与风垂直切变、背景绝对涡度成正比,传播速度与波的振幅、水平波宽成正比,重力波在稳定大气中得到了加强,潜热加热有利于重力波的形成；重力波的探测手段为微压器、卫星、雷达观测等,通过重力波探测目前基本掌握了重力波的日、月、季节的活动规律.

英文摘要：

Gravity waves （GWs） play a role in exciting and enhancing typhoons, rainstorms and hail storms, and have myriad effects and major contributions to the circulation, structure, and variability of the atmospheric. The main advancements in tropospheric GWs researches in last 50 years are summarized, which include the sources, dynamical mechanisms, and observation of GWs. Results show that GWs are mainly excited by jet streams, followed by deep convection, mountain terrain, and water vapor. Normally, the strength of GWs is proportional to the vertical wind shear, absolute vorticity, buoyancy frequency, and the frequency of GWs. GWs propagation velocity is proportional to the amplitude and pulse width of GWs. GWs is strengthened in the stability atmosphere. Latent heating is favorable to the formation of GWs, and thermal heating is not. The means of GWs detection include micro-pressure devices, satellites, radar, etc. The basic activity regularity of GWs has been founded out through detection in recent years.