采用FFT进行电网信号谐波参数分析时存在频谱泄漏,准确度较低。研究提出了一种基于Nuttall窗函数的频谱相位差校正算法,分析了Nuttall窗函数的时域、频域特性,建立了频谱相位差校正算法的流程,推导了信号谐波参数计算式,给出了算法在三相谐波电能计量中的实现方法。采用Nuttall窗对电压、电流信号进行加权,利用Nuttall窗旁瓣电平低、旁瓣衰减快的特点可有效减少频谱泄漏;运用频谱相位差校正方法进行信号频谱校正与分析,不必求解高次方程即可实现电网信号谐波参数分析。仿真与实际运行结果表明,非同步采样情况下,本文算法可以准确地实现电网信号谐波分析,实现电能的准确计量。
The precision of harmonic analysis is affected by spectral leakage when using FFT in electrical signals. A new phase difference revision algorithm of discrete spectrum for Nuttall window weighted signal is proposed in this paper. The characteristics of Nuttall window are studied, and the workflow of the new algorithm is given. The application of the algorithm in power measurement is introduced. Nuttall window has optimal side lobe levels and the side lobes of the Nuttall window decay at a fast rate. Hence, spectral leakage can be reduced when the voltage and current signals are weighted by Nuttall window. The phase difference revision algorithm has the advantages of computational efficiency and easy implementation for Nuttall window weighted signal. Simulation results and power measurement application show the effectiveness and practicability of the algorithm.