中文摘要：

目的：观察低强度氦氖激光照射后动物视网膜的病理结构变化，为探讨低能量激光眼损伤的机理提供理论依据。方法：建立氦氖激光的大鼠眼损伤模型，通过眼底镜观察、组织病理技术以及原位末端标记等方法，观察大鼠在激光照后眼底形态和视网膜细胞的结构变化。结果：眼底镜观察发现激光照后大鼠视网膜血管出现痉挛、充血等可恢复性的变化，HE染色显示激光照后视网膜出现了视网膜的局部隆起改变和组织结构的紊乱，同时伴有感光细胞的凋亡。结论：氦氖激光在一定的条件下可造成视网膜的病理性损伤，而内、外核层感光细胞的凋亡可能是低能量氦氖激光视网膜损伤的重要机制。

英文摘要：

Objective： To study the bioeffects of low power He-Ne laser irradiation on the retina of animal model. Methods： Wistar rats were irradiated continually with low power He-Ne laser for 15 mins. Examinations were carried out by microscopy and funduscope at different time points respectively to observe the effects of laser irradiation on retina structure and the apoptotic changes of retinal photoreceptors were observed by TUNEL assay. Results： He-Ne laser irradiation of certain power density could cause restorable changes in rat eyeground including convulsion and congestion of the blood vessel. Pathological examination by HE and TUNEL staining showed localized enlargement and disarrangement of histological structure in the injured retina area, with apoptosis of photoreceptors in the outer nuclear layer. Conclusion： Under a given condition, He-Ne laser irradiation could lead to retinal pathological changes, possibly by photoreceptor-mediated apoptotic pathway.