中文摘要：

在岩溶地区煤矿山污染修复过程中,钙盐在风化的酸性煤矸石污染物质控制方面发挥着至关重要的作用,为评价不同类型伴随阴离子钙盐对风化煤矸石中特征污染组分释放影响,通过在风化煤矸石中添加等摩尔比（以钙计）的CaCO_3、Ca_3（PO_4）_2、CaC_2O_4、CaSO_4、CaCl_2、Ca（NO_3）26种钙盐并稳定7 d后,考察了浸出液的pH、EC、Eh及Fe、Mn、Cu、Zn和SO_4（2-）等特征污染物。结果表明：CaCO_3、Ca_3（PO_4）_2能有效缓冲煤矸石的酸度,明显提高了体系的pH,极显著（p〈0.001）抑制风化煤矸石中特征污染组分的溶出释放;CaC_2O_4能显著提高煤矸石浸出液的pH,降低浸出液EC、Eh及Mn、Cu、Zn和SO_4（2-）的含量,但草酸根的存在明显促进亚铁和总铁的释放;CaSO_4一定程度上会抑制Fe、Mn、Cu的释放,但会提高浸出液中Zn、SO_4（2-）的含量,总体上对各污染组分的影响作用不显著;呈中性的强酸强碱盐CaCl_2、Ca（NO_3）_2由于离子竞争作用及Ca（2＋）形成复合物-石膏沉淀作用能显著（p〈0.05）抑制SO_4（2-）的溶出,但在一定程度上可降低浸出液的pH、提高浸出液的EC及Zn离子浓度,而对其他污染组分影响作用相对较小,故建议在煤矿山污染修复过程中需谨慎使用或引入此类物质。综上,不同类型伴随阴离子的钙盐对风化煤矸石中pH、EC、Fe、Mn、SO_4（2-）及重金属等多种特征污染组分的释放存在显著差异,影响着风化煤矸石在环境中的潜在污染风险和修复材料的污染控制效果。

英文摘要：

In the process of mining pollution repair in karst region,the different types of calcium play a significant role in the sulfur-contaminated tailings released control aspect of weathered coal gangue.To investigate the effects of different accompanying anion of calcium salt on the release of weathered coal gangue contaminants,six kinds of calcium salt,i.e.calcium carbonate（CaCO_3）,calcium phosphate（Ca_3（PO_4）_2）,calcium oxalate（CaC_2O_4）,calcium sulphate（CaSO_4）,calcium chloride（CaCl_2）,calcium nitrate（Ca（NO_3）_2）,were added in the weathered coal gangue,according to the equimolar ratio of calcium.After 7 days,the characteristics of pollution components including acidity,iron,manganese,sulfate radical were determined.Results showed that the release of typical contaminants in weathered coal gangue were significantly inhibited after adding CaCO_3 and Ca_3（PO_4）_2,respectively.By contrast,the acidity of coal gangue was buffered effectively and the pH of the system was increased significantly.The pH of the gangue leachate was improved obviously while the EC,Eh and the concentration of Mn,Cu,Zn and SO_4（2-）were decreased when adding CaC_2O_4.However,the release of both fer-rous iron and total iron were increased in the gangue leachate after adding CaC_2O_4.CaSO_4 on one hand,inhibited the release of Fe,Mn and Cu,to a certain extent,on the other hand,increased the contents of Zn and SO_4（2-） in the leachate,but on the whole,the influence of the pollution components was not significant.In addition,CaCl_2 and Ca（NO_3）_2,the neutral salt with strong acid and alkali,due to the competitive effects of ions and Ca to form complex and gypsum precipitation,can significantly inhibit（p0.05） the release of SO_4（2-）,but pH of the leachate was decreased while EC and the concentration of Zn were increased when adding CaCl_2 or Ca（NO_3）_2,and the impacts on other pollution components were relatively low.It was recommended to be cautious to used or to introduce such substances in