中文摘要：

以铜纳米线（CuNWs）为牺牲模板，通过改进的置换反应并结合柯肯达尔效应制备一系列一维Cu-Au纳米异质结构，借助扫描电子显微镜、透射电子显微镜、X射线衍射等技术探究产物的表面形貌、微观结构及组成。与采用硬模板法制备的一维金属纳米异质结构相比，该方法仅仅通过改变反应物中铜与金的摩尔比就能获得不同形貌的一维铜基纳米异质结构。此外，将这些纳米异质结构材料作为催化剂催化还原对硝基苯酚，其催化性能优于单纯的CuNWs催化剂。其中多孔CtrAu纳米管由于其特殊的空心多孔结构与组分协同作用，表现出最优异的催化活性。

英文摘要：

A series of one-dimensional Cu-Au nano-heterostructures were synthesized through combining modified galvanic replacement reactions with the Kirkendall effect and using Cu nanowires （Cu NWs） as the sacrificial template. The surface morphology, microstructure and components of these nanoheterostructures were investigated by scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction technology. Compared with one-dimensional metal nano-heterostructures prepared with hard template method, our method could gain one-dimensional Cu-based nano-heterostructures with different morphologies just by changing the reactant molar ratio of Cu and Au in the reaction system. Furthermore, these one-dimensional Cu-Au nano-heterostructures could be used as chemocatalysts for the catalytic reduction of 4-nitrophenol, and the catalytic performance was superior to Cu NWs catalyst. Especially, the porous Cu-Au nanotubes show the most outstanding catalytic performance due to the specific porous nanostructure and synergistic effect of their constituents.